Have you ever wondered why when you see someone yawn it prompts you to do the same? Especially if you are not tired.
The average adult yawns 20 times per day, and you’re probably yawning right now. When you feel a yawn coming on, it can be nearly impossible to suppress. But why does being around other yawners make you yawn?
According to PBS NewsHour they asked a speech scientist, a sleep neurologist, a neuroethicist and a neuroscientist who studies brain circuits related to itching why yawns are contagious. They said the evolutionary value of collective yawning remains unknown, but may have something to do with the desire of an animal to protect the members of its tribe.
There is no scientific consensus on why we yawn.
One theory argues that when humans are tired, we stop taking deep breaths, which causes a build-up of carbon dioxide in the body, said Douglas Parham, a speech scientist at Wichita State University. A yawn might be a special kind of respiration, Parham said. It builds up oxygen quickly, while expelling carbon dioxide, even more than a deep breath.
Excess carbon dioxide and other chemical changes, such as a drop in oxygen or increase in a compound called adenosine, could also act as “yawn gates,” said James Giordano, a neuroethicist and neuroscientist at Georgetown University. These chemicals send out a signal that triggers a yawn. By yawning, we compress the muscles of the face, driving oxygen-enriched blood to the brain, Giordano said.
Other proposals state the purpose of yawning is to cool the brain, or to stretch internal organs like tissues and lungs, helping the body to liven up.
It’s not just humans that yawn. Yes! Animals yawn as well. Because the brain stem of humans is similar to other mammals (and birds and reptiles too), it makes sense that most animals yawn. birds, reptiles, mammals and some sharks can yawn — and animals with bigger brains tend to yawn longer.
So why is yawning so contagious?
What is known is that the behavior is contagious. The likelihood of yawning increases sixfold, according to a study from Springer Link an online academic and research database, after seeing someone else yawn.
As for yawn contagion, Giordano said it may be related to a phenomenon called social mirroring, where organisms imitate the actions of others. Other behaviors fall into this category, such as scratching, leg crossing and laughing.
This behavior could be linked to mirror neurons in the brain.